Генезис элиты Югры и «мировая торговля» в начале эпохи железа: продолжение анализа
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2025.1.27.126.154Ключевые слова:
археология, обские угры, V/IV вв. до н.э. – IV в. н.э., погребения, вооружение, культовое литье, генезис вождеско-культовой элиты ЮгрыАннотация
Автором изучены материалы не менее восьми уникальных погребений кулайской культуры с богатым местным инвентарем и престижными импортными товарами, привезенными из Волго-Камья, Верхнего Приобья, Забайкалья, Средней Азии, Северного Причерноморья, Китая и Египта. Выполнен анализ ряда предметов вооружения и культового литья, включая реплики импортных изделий, найденных на поселениях и святилищах Сургутского и Нижнего Приобья. Выявлена серия таежных городищ-крепостей с бастионно-башенной архитектурой. На основании этого установлено начало генезиса вождеско-культовой элиты Югры: вторая половина I тыс. до н.э. – IV в. н.э. Предпосылкой имущественного и социального расслоения в обществах рыболовов и охотников таежного Приобья, не занимавшихся ни скотоводством, ни земледелием, стал целенаправленный промысел пушного зверя с целью последующего обмена пушнины на престижные импортные вещи, присваивающихся правящим сословием – вождями общин, «князьям»-богатырями, воинами, шаманами. Особенно активно эти процессы стали развиваться с началом функционирования северных (пушных) ответвлений Великого трансконтинентального шелкового пути.
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