Научный и педагогический путь археолога Л.А. Чалой (1940–2013). К 85-летию со дня рождения исследовательницы каменного века Казахстана
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2026.1.31.109.134Ключевые слова:
археология, история археологической науки Казахстана, Центральный и Северо-Восточный Казахстан, неолит, энеолит, микролитическая культурная зона, культурные ареалы и варианты, Пеньки 1 и 2, Иман-Бурлук 1 и 2Аннотация
Статья посвящена историографическому освоению научного наследия и приурочена к 85-летию со дня рождения учёного-археолога и педагога Людмилы Андреевны Чалой (1940–2013). В работе показан жизненный путь, реконструирована история полевых археологических исследований, представлены основные этапы и достижения на педагогическом поприще, раскрыты взгляды археолога на проблематику неолита и энеолита Центрального и Северо-Восточного Казахстана. Вклад Л.А. Чалой в расширение источниковой базы по неолиту и энеолиту выражен в обработке и введении в научный оборот коллекции 119 стоянок, открытии и исследовании двух первых стратифицированных памятников неолита и энеолита в Северном Казахстане – стоянок на реке Иман-Бурлук и у озера Пеньки, ставших на длительный период опорными для археологии позднекаменного века Казахстана. Ею сформулирована авторская концепция микролитической культурной зоны степей и пустынь Казахстана, разработана типология неолитических стоянок Казахстана на основании их топографии, обусловленной гидрологическим режимом, выделены культурно-технологические ареалы и варианты, доказано распространение технологии геометрических микролитов в форме трапеций на всей территории Казахстана. Научно-педагогические успехи Л.А. Чалой достигнуты в области разработки учебных и теоретических материалов для юридических дисциплин исторического и теоретического цикла. Исследование построено на анализе научных публикаций, диссертационного исследования Л.А. Чалой, архивных материалов, в том числе личных архивов соавторов.
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