Children's burials of the Birsky soil burial ground: the problem of identification and the latest data
(Western Сis-Urals)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2024.1.23.204.217Keywords:
archaeology, Cis-Urals, Birsk soil burial ground, Middle Ages, children, funeral riteAbstract
The Birsk soil burial ground is a landmark monument of the Western Urals (Ufa-Belsk interfluve) of the mid-1st millennium AD. This article examines children's burials. The lack of anthropological analysis of the remains forces us to appeal to the data (categories “children”, “child”) indicated by the director of the excavations of 1958–1991 N. Mazhitov in scientific documentation. The osteological material obtained by the author of the article in 2017, 2021, 2023 was processed by anthropologists and the age range of the remains was determined more accurately, and a sequenced analysis of the child’s burial was additionally carried out. Based on the analysis, it was determined that children, singled out by society in social activities, did not have any special distinctive features in the construction of grave pits for them and in the composition of burial goods. Perhaps there was a difference in the performance of funeral and memorial rituals.
References
Alekseev, V. P., Debets, G. F. 1964. Craniometry. Metodika antropologicheskikh issledovaniy (Craniometry. Methodology of anthropological research). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Akimova, M. S. 1968. Antropologiya drevnego naseleniya Priuraliya (Anthropology of the ancient population of the Urals). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Ambroz, A. K. 1980. In: Pletneva, S. A. (ed.). In: Srednevekovye drevnosti evrazijskih stepej (Medieval antiquities of the Eurasian steppes). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 1-56. (in Russian).
Balabanova, M.A., Klepikov, V.M., Korobkova, E.A., Krivosheev, M.V., Pererva, E.V., Skripkin, A.S. In: Polovozrastnaya struktura sarmatskogo naseleniya Nizhnego Povolzhiya: pogrebalnaya obryadnost i antropologiya (Gender and age structure of the Sarmatian population of the Lower Volga river region: funeral rituals and anthropology). Volgograd: Volgograd State University (in Russian).
Belyavskaya, O. S. 2023. Hronologiya remennyh garnitur Yuzhnogo Priuraliya III – rubezha VII i VIII vv. (Chronology of belt sets of the Southern Urals of the 3rd – turn of the 7th and 8th centuries): thesis of the Cand. of Hist. sciences. Moscow (in Russian).
Berseneva, N. A. 2017. In: Ufimskiy arheologicheskiy vestnik (Ufa Archaeological Bulletin), 17, 8-12 (in Russian).
Berseneva, N. A. 2022. Povolzhskaya Arkheologia (The Volga River Region Archaeology), 1 (39), 61-70 (in Russian).
Berseneva, N. A. 2023. In: Nizhnevolzhskiy Arkheologicheskiy Vestnik (The Lower Volga Archaeological Bulletin), 2, 85-99 (in Russian).
Bulychov, N. I. 1902. Drevnosti iz Vostochnoi Rossii (Antiquities from Eastern Russia). Vol. 1. Moscow: T-vo tip. A.I. Mamontova (in Russian).
Vasyutkin, S. M. 1994. Izuchenie epohi Srednevekoviya Yuzhnogo Priuraliya: Ucheb. Posobie (Study of the Middle Ages of the Southern Urals: Tutorial). Elista: Kalmyk University (in Russian).
Gening, V. F. 1972. In: Smirnov, A. P. (ed). In: Problemy arheologii i drevnej istorii ugrov (Problems of archaeology and ancient history of the Ugrians). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 221-295 (in Russian).
Goldina, R. D., Sabirov, T. R., Sabirova, T. M. 2015. Pogrebalnyj obryad Tarasovskogo mogilnika I–V vv. na Srednej Kame. Materialy i issledovaniya Kamsko-Vyatskoj arheologicheskoj ekspeditsii (Funeral rite of the Tarasovsky burial ground of the 1st–5th centuries on the Middle Kama. Materials and research of the Kama-Vyatka archaeological expedition), 29. Kazan; Izhevsk (in Russian).
Zubov, S. E., Lifanov, N. A., Roslyakova, N. V., Sattarov, R. R. 2021. In: Povolzhskaya Arkheologia (The Volga River Region Archaeology), 1 (35), 65-77 (in Russian).
Kovalevskaya, V. B. 1972. In: Smirnov, A. P. (ed). In: Problemy arheologii i drevnej istorii ugrov (Problems of archaeology and ancient history of the Ugrians). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 95-118. (in Russian).
Kovalevskaya, V. B. 2000. Kompyuternaya obrabotka massovogo arkheologicheskogo materiala iz rannesrednevekovykh pamyatnikov Evrazii (Computer processing of mass archaeological material from early medieval monuments of Eurasia). Pushchino: Pushchino Scientific Center of the RAS (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1968. Bakhmutinskaya kultura (Bakhmutin culture). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1960a. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 2105 (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1960b. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 2105а (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1960c. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 2105б (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1982. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 8674а (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1984. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 9750 (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1985. In: Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the RAS. D. 9520 (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A. 1990. In: Sovetskaya arheologiya (Soviet archaeology), 1, 261-266 (in Russian).
Mazhitov, N. A., Sultanova, A. N. 1994. Istoriya Bashkortostana s drevnejshikh vremen do XVI v. (History of Bashkortostan from ancient times to the 16th century). Ufa: “Kitap” Publ. (in Russian).
Malashev, V. Y., Yablonskiy, L. T. 2008. Stepnoe naselenie Yuzhnogo Priuraliya v pozdnesarmatskoe vremya: po materialam mogilnika Pokrovka 10 (Steppe population of the Southern Urals in the Late Sarmatian period: based on materials from the Pokrovka 10 burial ground). Moscow: “Vostochnaya lit-ra” Publ. (in Russian).
Ostanina, T. I. 1997. Naselenie Srednego Prikamya v III–V vv. (Population of the Middle Kama region in the 3rd–5th centuries). Izhevsk: Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ural Branch RAS (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R. 2018. In: Scientific archive of the Institute of History and Public Administration (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R. 2018. Busy Yuzhnogo Urala po materialam nekropolej III–VIII vekov (Beads of the Southern Urals based on materials from necropolises of the 3rd–8th centuries). Ufa: “Bashkirskaya enciklopediya” Publ. (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R. 2018b. In: Ruslanovа, R. R. (ed.). In: ArhLab. Arheologiya Urala: vremya, pamyatniki, lyudi. Sbornik nauchnyh statej (ArchLab. Archaeology of the Urals: time, monuments, people. Collection of scientific articles), 3, 91-98 (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R. 2018c. In: Vybornov, A. A. (ed.). In: XXI Uralskoe arheologicheskoe soveshchanie (21st Ural Archaeological Meeting). Samara: Samara State Socio-Pedagogical University, 318-320 (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R. 2022. In: Scientific archive of the National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R., Ruslanov, E. V. 2019. In: Lopatin, N. V. (ed.). In: Arheologicheskie otkrytiya 2017 g. (Archaeological discoveries 2017). Moscow: Institute of Archaeology RAS, 364-366 (in Russian).
Ruslanova, R. R., Ruslanov, E. V. 2022. In: Povolzhskaya Arkheologia (The Volga River Region Archaeology), 1 (39), 42-55 (in Russian).
Sabirov, T. R. 2011. Pogrebalnyj obryad Tarasovskogo mogilnika I–V vv. na Srednej Kame (Funeral rite of the Tarasovsky burial ground 1st–5th centuries on the Middle Kama): thesis of the Cand. of Hist. sciences. Izhevsk (in Russian).
Sultanova, A. N. 2000. Birskiy mogilnik: istoriko-arkheologicheskaya kharakteristika (Birsky burial ground: historical and archaeological characteristics): thesis of the Cand. of Hist. sciences. Ufa (in Russian).
Sungatov, F. A., Yusupov, R. M. 2006. In: Obydennovа, G. T., Savelyev, N. S. (eds.). In: Yuzhnyi Ural i sopredelnye territorii v skhifo-sarmatskoe vremya (Southern Urals and adjacent territories in the Scythian-Sarmatian time). Ufa: “Gilem”. Publ., 246-256 (in Russian).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruslanova, R.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
