Engraved overlays of a bow from mound no. 4 of the burial ground of Ondyrys II
(Northern Kazakhstan)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2023.2.20.61.80Keywords:
archaeology, Northern Kazakhstan, Ondyrys II, turn of the eras, burial, bow overlays, engravingAbstract
The article presents the results of the study of engravings on two middle side overlays of a compound bow from the burial mound no. 4 of the Ondyrys II burial ground. The mound with a male military burial belonged to the circle of rare monuments of Northern Kazakhstan of the turn of the era. The engravings on the overlays were first found in the region. They are paired schematic images of animals with a different design of the upper part. While inspecting the overlays under a microscope, all the details of individual images, the sequence of application were revealed, conclusions were drawn regarding the carving tool. The shape and size of the overlays allow us to compare them with similar items used at the turn of the era in the southern regions of Central Asia, as well as by the representatives of the Middle Sarmatian and Bulan-Koba archaeological cultures. The origin of the tradition of drawing signs and drawings on bow parts in Northern Kazakhstan is probably connected with cultural impulses from the Hunnu area. Engraved overlays are known in Transbaikalia, Tuva and Altai. The images are either a decoration of overlays, or an illustration of mythological representations that existed in the culture of the nomads of Northern Kazakhstan at the first stage of the Hun-Sarmatian period (2nd century BC – 1st century AD). The semantics of the drawings can vary from the meaning of benevolence to the owner to the illustration of an ethnogonic legend.
References
Gorbunov, V. V. 2006. In: Tishkin, A. A. (ed.). Voyennoye delo naseleniya Altaya v III–XIV vv. (Military affairs of the Altai population in the 3rd–14th centuries). Part. II: Nastupatelnoye vooruzheniye (oruzhiye): monografiya (Offensive weapons (weapons): monograph). Barnaul: Altai State University (in Russian).
Gorbunov, V. V., Tishkin, А. А. 2006. In: Arheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii (Archaeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia), 4, 79-85 (in Russian).
Darchiyeva, М. V. 2020. In: Izvestiya Severo-Osetinskogo instituta gumanitarnyh i social'nyh issledovanij (Proceedings of the North Ossetian Institute for Humanitarian and Social Research). 38 (77), 139-153 (in Russian).
Ilyasov, J. Ya. 2013. In: Rossiyskaya arheologiya (Russian Archaeology), 2, 96-104 (in Russian).
Jordan. 2001. In: Skrzhinskaya, E. Ch. (ed.). O proishozhdenii i deyaniyah getov (Getica) (On the Origin and Deeds of the Getae). 2nd ed., corrected. and additional. Saint Petersburg: “Aletheiya” Publ. (in Russian).
Kilunovskaya, M. E., Leus, P. M. 2021. In: Smirnov, N. Yu. (ed.). Tvorets kultury. Materialnaya kultura i dukhovnoye prostranstvo cheloveka v svete arkheologii. istorii i etnografii (Creator of culture. Material culture and human spiritual space in the light of archeology, history and ethnography). Saint Petersburg: Institute for the History of Material Culture, 430-448. (in Russian).
Kilunovskaya, M. E., Leus, P. M. 2022. In: Multidistsiplinarnyye issledovaniya v arkheologii (Multidisciplinary research in archeology), 2, 103-118 (in Russian).
Konovalov, P. B. 1976. Hunnu v Zabaykaliye (Pogrebalnyye pamyatniki) (Xiongnu in Transbaikalia (Funeral Monuments)). Ulan-Ude: “Buryatskoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Mandel'shtam, A. M., 1992. In: Moshkova, M. G. (ed.). Stepnaya polosa Aziatskoy chasti SSSR v skifo-sarmatskoye vremya. Serija Arheologija SSSR. T. 10. (The steppe zone of the Asian part of the USSR in the Scythian-Sarmatian time. Series: Archeology of the USSR. V. 10). M.: Nauka Publ. 107-115. (in Russian).
Mandel'shtam, A. M., Stambul'nik, E. U. 1992. In: Moshkova, M. G. (ed.). Stepnaya polosa Aziatskoy chasti SSSR v skifo-sarmatskoye vremya. Serija Arheologija SSSR. T. 10. (The steppe zone of the Asian part of the USSR in the Scythian-Sarmatian time. Series: Archeology of the USSR. V. 10). M.: Nauka Publ. 196-205. (in Russian).
Matrenin, S. S., Tishkin, A. A., Pletneva, L. M. 2014. In: Izvestiya Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Proceedings of the Altai State University), 4/2 (84), 154-164 (in Russian).
Lipets, R. S. 1984. Obrazy batyra i ego konya v tyurko-mongol'skom epose (Images of the batyr and his horse in the Turkic-Mongol epic). M.: Nauka Publ. (in Russian).
Miklashevich, E. A. 2004. In: Izobrazitelnyye pamyatniki: stil, epoha, kompozitsii (Fine monuments: style, era, compositions). Saint Petersburg: Faculty of History, St. Petersburg State University, 320-325 (in Russian).
Minyaev, S. S. 2007. Dyrestuyskiy mogilnik. 2-e izd. dop. (Dyrestuy burial ground. 2nd ed., add.). Saint Petersburg: Faculty of History, St. Petersburg State University (in Russian).
Myshkin, V. N. 2021. In: Sitdikov, A. G., Chizhevsky, A. A. (eds.). In: Arheologiya Volgo-Uralia. V 7 t. T. 3. Ranniy zheleznyy vek (Archeology of the Volga-Urals. In 7 vol. Vol. 3. Early Iron Age). Kazan: Academy of Sciences Republic of Tatarstan, 374-391 (in Russian).
Ovchinnikova, B. B. 1982. In: Sovetskaya arheologiya (Soviet Archaeology), 3, 210-218 (in Russian).
Ovchinnikova, B. B. 2003. In: Piotrovsky, Yu. Yu. (ed.). Stepi Evrazii v drevnosti i srednevekovye. Kniga II (Steppes of Eurasia in antiquity and the Middle Ages. Book II). Saint Petersburg: State Hermitage Museum, 267-270 (in Russian).
Podushkin, A. N. 2017. In: Mir Bolschogo Altaya (World of Great Altay), 3 (4), 60-102 (in Russian).
Pugachenkova, G. A. 1989. Drevnosti Miankalya. (Antiquities of Miankal). Tashkent: “Fan” Publ. (in Russian).
Sakenov, S. K., Sviridov, A. N., Yarygin, S. A. 2019. In: Khabdulina, M. K. (ed.). Margulanovskiye chteniya – 2019 (Margulan Readings – 2019). Nur-Sultan: Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 378-384 (in Russian).
Samashev, S. K., Sirazheva, B. A. 2022. In: Kazakstan arheologiasy (Kazakhstan archeology), 3 (17), 32-42 (in Russian).
Sviridov, A. N. 2008. In: Voprosy istorii i arheologii Zapadnogo Kazakhstana (Issues of history and archeology of Western Kazakhstan), 2, 240-248 (in Russian).
Seitov, A. M. 2017. In: Bazarbayeva, G. A., Jumabekova, G. S. (eds.). In: Kultura naseleniya Turgaya i sopredelnykh regionov: chelovek i epokha. Kollektivnaya monografiya (Culture of the population of Turgay and adjacent regions: man and era. Collective monograph). Almaty: Margulan Institute of Archaeology, 182-206 (in Russian).
Smagulov, E. A., Yatsenko, S. A. 2008. In: Transoxiana. 13. URL: http://www.transoxiana.org/13/smagulov_yatsenko-sidak_sanctuary-rus.php (accessed 10.05.2023) (in Russian).
Stambulnik, E. U. 1979. In: Dobzhansky, V. N. (ed.). Problemy skifo-sibirskogo kulturno-istoricheskogo edinstva (Problems of the Scythian-Siberian cultural and historical unity). Kemerovo: Kemerovo State University, 145-147 (in Russian).
Taskin, V. S. 1984. Materialy po istorii drevnikh kochevykh narodov gruppy dunkhu. (Materials on the history of ancient nomadic peoples of the Donghu group). Мoscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Khabdulina, M. K. 1994. Stepnoye Priishimye v epokhu rannego zheleza (The steppe near the Ishim in the early iron epoch). Almaty: “Rakurs” Publ. (in Russian).
Khazanov, A. M. 1966. In: Materialnaya kultura narodov Sredney Azii i Kazahstana (Material culture of the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan.). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 29-44 (in Russian).
Shtanov, E. S. 2008. In: Izvestiya Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Izvestiya of Altai State University), 4-5 (60), 232-235 (in Russian).
Hall, A., Farrell, J. 2008. In: Originally published in the Journal of The Society of Archer-Antiquaries, 51, 89-98 (in English).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Sergey Yarygin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
