Functional analysis of tools from the Akbauyr 1 settlement (Kazakh Altai)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2023.3.21.187.204Keywords:
archaeology, traceology, Akbauyr 1, Early Iron Age, stone toolsAbstract
In the course of excavations of the Akbauyr 1 settlement, rich artchaeological record was obtained, including stone tools, the analysis of which enables evaluation of both the working skills of the ancient inhabitants and the temporal scope of the site's occupation. The results of the analysis may suggest that stone tools have been associated with various technological processes and activities that were practiced by the people of Kazakh Altai in the Early Iron Age. Tools of the following types of activity have been identified: ore mining (hoe heads, wedge-shaped mattock heads, hammer heads, pestles), metalworking (a casting mold, hammer heads, anvils, abrasives, smoothers, touchstones), raw hide and leather processing (scraper, cutter), pottery making (discoidal stands, burnishers), and, possibly, agriculture (hoe heads, mattock heads) as well as grinding grains for cooking (a grain grinder). It is established that the ratio of stone tools is evenly correlated with that of metal and bone tools. Local raw materials were used to make stone tools. The conclusion is that Akbauyr 1 in the 7th century BC was the place where some specialized crafts and household activities such as metal production (starting from ore mining to casting and hammering metals), manufacture of leather, pottery making, and, probably, agriculture were practiced.
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