Reconstruction of anthropogenic landscapes and the dynamics of their development in the basin of the ancient anabranch of the Syrdarya – Eskidaryalyk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2024.1.23.233.255Keywords:
archaeological and geographical research, archaeological data, cultural landscapes, Jetyasar culture, reconstruction of anthropogenic landscapes, interpretation of aerial photographs, dynamics of developmentAbstract
In the Aral Sea region, in the basin of the ancient anabranch of Syrdarya – Eskidaryalyk, anthropogenic landscapes with the main complex of archaeological monuments of the Jetyasar culture (7th–5th centuries BC – 8th centuries AD) have been preserved. Since 1946, aerial methods have been used in archaeological research of the Jetyasar tract in the work of the Khorezm expedition. In the 1990-s aerial photographs became an important informative source on which the author’s research was based. Improved methods of special and analytical interpretation of aerial photographs was used in the reconstruction of the historical landscape at ten ancient settlements of the southwestern and southeastern group of ancient settlements of the Jetyasar tract. The “stratigraphic” preservation of anthropogenic landscapes of the tract, layered one on top of another (mid-1st millennium BC – 8th century AD), was used in the development of evolutionary blocks of structural-dynamic indicators of relative dating, as individual landscape objects, and entire complexes. As a result, the developed methodological approach helped to study the dynamics of water supply and environmental crises, to establish the evolution of the cultural landscape of the Jetyasar tract during the four stages: the 7th–2nd centuries BC; 1st century BC – 1st century AD; 2nd–4th centuries AD; 5th–8th centuries AD.
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